Choline Lecithin is a key component of soy and egg yolks and is used as a supplement to promote neurological health.
Once in the brain, Choline acts as a precursor to Acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter which is essential for the forming of synaptic connections between neurons. These connections are the basis of memory, logical reasoning, mental clarity, and response to sensory information.
Choline in lecithin form is a very common dietary supplement which can improve mental acuity as well as contribute to over health. Let’s take a look at how this natural compound produces its effects.
Lecithin is a phospholipid or fat that is derived from various food products. These include eggs, beef liver, wheat germ, soybeans and navy beans. Lecithin helps control fat in the body and is an effective treatment for some liver diseases, multiple sclerosis, and nerve damage. It also balances skin moisture and is used in many beauty products.
Lecithin’s most remarkable use, however, is in neurological function. In effect, this substance acts as a delivery device for choline, an organic compound which stimulates an elaborate process of neural expansion and health. This happens when the lecithin enters the body and begins to break down. One of lecithin’s component parts is phosphatidylcholine, which is a form of choline that is used in the brain.



- Supports memory and synaptic plasticity
- Raises acetylcholine levels
- Promotes brain health and focus
How Does Choline Lecithin Work?
Related Topics
- What is Choline?
- What is Acetylcholine?
- Cholinergic Receptors
- Choline's Role in the Brain
- Using Choline Supplements
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors
- Effects and Benefits
- Recommended Dosages
- Dietary Sources
- Choline Rich Foods
- Risks of Choline Deficiency
- Possible Side Effects
- Buy Choline
- How to Take Choline Powder
- Citicoline Review
- Choline Bitartrate Review
- Phosphatidylcholine Review
- Alpha GPC Choline
Once the lecithin has broken down, the choline which is released gets to work. Choline is a major component of the neurochemical Acetylcholine.
This bioavailable agent maintains and enhances the plasticity of the structures of the brain. That means that the brain is more able to change its structure, grow new pathways, and make new synaptic connections.
This flexible, growth-oriented environment is conducive to the formation of new memories, and the drawing of connections between different experiences and sensory data.
That’s another way of describing learning. The more plastic the brain is, the easier learning will be, the more recall will be available, and the more fluidly thoughts will flow.
Acetylcholine is also involve in maintaining concentration, attention, and the executive functions of the brain. For the typical user, this translates into a clear-headed, sharply focused mental feeling, whether it is applied to work, creative endeavors, or social situations.
Phosphatidylcholine Supplements as a Source of Choline
It’s also valuable for us to look at lecithin’s component part Phosphatidylcholine on its own. Phosphatidylcholine and lecithin are often mistaken as being one and the same, but in fact lecithin is made up of a number of different phospholipid compounds including Phosphatidylcholine.
This compound is also frequently taken as a stand-alone mental health supplement. Phosphatidylcholine helps to build and regulate cell structure, while removing cell waste. And, as the name implies, it contains choline.
Unfortunately, oral Phosphatidylcholine supplements have low bioavailablity. Much of its choline is lost during the digestion process and never makes it to the brain. For this reason, it’s not recommended as the ideal choline supplement. This is the same issue which plagues another well-known choline supplement, Choline Citrate. Without strong bioavailability, many of the benefits are lost.



- Natural source of Phosphatidyl Choline
- Provides nervous system support
- Promotes memory function & brain cell health
Other Excellent Forms of Choline
Even though the choline content in lecithin is too low to make a major difference to cognitive function, there are a few other supplements which are highly bioavailable and are able to cross the blood brain barrier.
These include Alpha GPC and CDP Choline (Citicoline). In particular, Alpha GPC is made by purifying lecithin so that only the phospholipid-bound choline remains.
Unlike Choline from lecithin which exists in low concentrations, supplements like Alpha GPC and CDP Choline contain high concentrations of free choline which rapidly penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Once in the brain, the choline can then be used to synthesized Acetylcholine which is then taken up by your neurons for later use.
Many people have reported great success with the practice of stacking Alpha GPC and CDP Choline with other nootropics such as racetams like Piracetam. This combination has been shown to improve memory, learning and mental performance. Some users claim the mental clarity and sense of recall is so acute that they use it as an alternative to drugs such as Adderall.
Choline And The Fight Against Neurological Disease
Choline from Lecithin supplements and all of the other forms of choline might lead to a promising advance in the quest to understand and stop various mental disorders. Of chief interest is Alzheimer’s disease, the ubiquitous mental decay associated with old age which robs people of memory and all mental focus.
It is possible that the lack of neuroplasticity in these patients is caused by choline, and subsequently Acetylcholine, deficiency. While choline supplementation has not been able to stop or reverse the effects of Alzheimer’s, it has been hypothesized that taking supplemental choline in older age may prevent the start of the disease. Choline is also used to treat symptoms of Tourette’s disease, Huntington’s disease, myasthenic syndrome, and mania.
Research on supplemental Choline use is very promising, however the research is somewhat limited in scope, and more large-scale human trials are still needed. At this time, Choline is available as health supplements only, and the FDA has not approved Choline as a drug to prevent or treat any conditions.
Choline Dosage and Bioavailability
While the exact recommended intake of Choline suggested per person per day varies with age, amounts for adults generally fall around 400 to 500 mg per day. There’s just one catch – these dosages do not take into account the bioavailability issue of Choline lecithin and its component Phosphatidylcholine.
If more than 60 percent of this substance is eradicated by gut flora during digestion, it is hard to say how much choline actually makes it to the brain. For this reason, it is prudent to skip Choline lecithin products and take choline brain supplements in the form of more bioavailable supplements like the above mentioned Alpha GPC or Citicoline.
- Ridgway ND. The role of phosphatidylcholine and choline metabolites to cell proliferation and survival. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2013
- Blake MG, Boccia MM, Krawczyk MC, Delorenzi A, Baratti CM. Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2012
- Ash JA, Velazquez R, Kelley CM, Powers BE, Ginsberg SD, Mufson EJ, Strupp BJ. Maternal choline supplementation improves spatial mapping and increases basal forebrain cholinergic neuron number and size in aged Ts65Dn mice. Neurobiol Dis. 2014
- Arenth PM, Russell KC, Ricker JH, Zafonte RD. CDP-choline as a biological supplement during neurorecovery: a focused review. PM R. 2011
- Yan J, Jiang X, West AA, Perry CA, Malysheva OV, Brenna JT, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Gregory JF 3rd, Caudill MA. Pregnancy alters choline dynamics: results of a randomized trial using stable isotope methodology in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013
- Biswas S, Giri S. Importance of choline as essential nutrient and its role in prevention of various toxicities. Prague Med Rep. 2015
Article last updated on: March 20th, 2018 by Nootriment
4 Comments
The information contained in this page goes against every single peer reviewed and cited work I’ve come across. It is quite clear that you are just trying to sell stuff. I wish you’d just drop the facade and let someone else with more noble purpose use such a great website address.
Bioavailability of choline through various forms is not touched upon, also the side effects are completely ignored. Soy lecithin from non GMO soy beans remains the best source of choline with 100% bioavailability and no side effects. It tastes great too.
Dear Kavindra,
I appreciate your comment however I disagree with your premises. Unprocessed Soybean Lecithin contains between 19 – 21% Phosphatidylcholine which is the combination of phosphatidic acid and choline. (source) 20 g of Phosphatidylcholine is established as yielding 1.5 g of free choline which is 7.5% by weight. (source) That means that Lecithin yield approximately 1.4% choline and to achieve a dosage of 550 mg (the Adequate Intake for men) you would need to consume between 39 to 40 g of soy lecithin.
In studies of blood plasma levels of choline following the ingestion of soy lecithin versus choline chloride (with dosages corrected to measure the same amount of choline provided), soy lecithin shows lower bio-availability. 30 minutes following ingestion, choline levels in serum are measured at 33% for lecithin while reaching 86% for choline chloride. This means that after 30 minutes, choline chloride is 2.6x more bioavailable than choline from soy lecithin. (source)
The reason for the lower bioavailibility has to do with how it is processed in the intestines. Lecithin is first metabolized by pancreatic phospholipase into lysolecithin which is then converted into alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine by phospholipase B. It is then hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterases in the gut mucosa to form choline. A more effective choline supplement is to use alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (also known as Alpha GPC) directly to avoid the intermediary processing steps.
Alpha GPC is a natural choline-containing phospholipid derived from soy lecithin. On a molecular basis, it has been described as phosphatidylcholine without its two fatty acids which means it provides a much higher concentration of free choline. It is 40% free choline by weight, making it even more concentrated than Citicoline at 21% choline by weight. And it has been found more effective than both choline and citicoline in clinical settings. (source)
Finally, Alpha GPC has been shown to possess a high degree of penetration of the blood-brain barrier which means the choline is being delivered to brain tissue where it is needed to convey cognitive benefit. Brain concentrations following Alpha GPC ingestion were found to be comparable to blood serum levels which shows that it is effectively transported across the blood-brain barrier. (source)
That does not mean that soy lecithin cannot increase choline plasma levels. Zeisel et al. found that 25 g of a purified lecithin supplement (which was modified to make it more concentrated at 80% phosphatidylcholine), was able to increase choline plasma levels by 400% in their trial.
But if you compare the fact that unpurified soy lecithin is 1.4% choline and Alpha GPC (which is simply a more concentrated version of soy lecithin) is 40% free choline, it seems clear in my mind that one is a better source than the other.
As to your other point about us not mentioning side effects in this article, we have other articles on the site that cover this topic in more detail. We try to limit the amount of information in any one given article so that our articles are not overwhelming to the reader. At last count, we have 39 different articles on the site about Choline from different contributors. Many of these articles touch on bioavailibilty and side effects. You can browse them by visiting https://nootriment.com/category/nootropics/choline/
Admin,
I don’t normally comment but, this was extremely helpful information and would be worthy of becoming its own stand alone article. Really appreciated the deeper dive on the efficiency of the differing solutions.
choline increases tmao production which increases heart disease risk and cancer…so be careful..too much can be harmful…