Methyl B12 Supplement Benefits, Dosing & Adverse Effects

Methylcobalamin, which may also be referred to as “methyl B12,” is a specific form of vitamin B12. It is considered to be superior to cyanocobalamin B12 supplements, because it is already in an active form that can be used by the body.

Methyl B12 is used by the body in a number of different ways. It demonstrates neuroprotective effects, supports energy metabolism, helps to maintain healthy levels of homocysteine and can enhance memory and learning.

According to the Natural Medicines Database, this form of the vitamin has been used for a number of different purposes, ranging from the prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency to the treatment of malignancy. Studies have found that methyl B12 may be effective for some of these purposes. However, not all of these uses are validated by research, and further study is needed.

Furthermore, methyl B12 may produce some adverse effects when it is not used appropriately. Below is some information about methyl B12, the different preparations available, the uses of methyl B12, its possible side effects and safe usage recommendations.

Methylcobalamin

Vitamin Supplement

Brain Function

Mood & Sleep

Fatigue

How It Works:

• Supports brain cell health & nerve function
• Supports sleep, mood & memory
• Regulates healthy homocysteine levels

Dosage:

Between 1 - 25 mcg per day

Safety:

Rated Likely Safe

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What is Methyl B12 Used for?

Methylcobalamin B12 supplements are primarily taken for the prevention or treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency. According to the Natural Medicines Database, methyl B12 has been used to fight signs of aging, boost energy, improve mood and support immune system functioning.

Methyl B12 supplements are sometimes used as nootropics for enhanced concentration, memory function and mental performance. This supplement may also be taken to support the nervous system and cardiovascular system.

The following are some of the medicinal uses for Methyl B12, based on reporting from NMD:

• Maintaining fertility
• Protection against tobacco smoke toxins
• Lyme disease
• Canker sores
• Multiple sclerosis
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Allergies
• Hyperhomocysteinemia
• Circadian rhythm sleep disorders
• Psychiatric disorders
• Liver disease
• Kidney disease
• Psoriasis
• Malignancy
• Hemorrhage
• Thyrotoxicosis
• Chronic fatigue syndrome, fatigue and tiredness
• Orthostatic tremor
• Anemia
• Improve daytime alertness in people with sleep-wake disorders, shift workers and the elderly

The Natural Medicines Database reports that past research supports the effectiveness of methyl B12 for some of these purposes, including Imerslund-Grasbeck disease, pernicious anemia and the treatment or prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency.

Studies have also shown that methyl B12 is likely effective for the treatment of cyanide poisoning and hyperhomocysteinemia. However, further study is needed to verify these findings.

Methyl B12 vs. Cyanocobalamin

Methyl B12 and cyanocobalamin are both forms of cobalamin used in the production of vitamin B12 supplements. However, their structure is not the same.

Although the molecules are very similar, methyl B12 contains a methyl group, while cyanobalamin contains a cyanide group. It must be modified in the liver to be converted into the active form of methylcobalamin.

In addition, methyl B12 is a naturally-occurring form of the vitamin, while cyanobalamin is a synthesized in a laboratory. Because of these differences, some experts recommend methyl B12 over cyanocobalamin.

Methyl B12 Dosage

All people must consume a certain amount of vitamin B12 in order to avoid the symptoms of deficiency. However, people who take too much B12 may experience significant adverse effects.

For example, higher than normal levels of vitamin B12 have been associated with the development of cancers, including lung cancer and prostate cancer. Abnormally high levels of vitamin B12 may also decrease survival rates among hospitalized elderly patients. In light of these risks, it is important to take the proper dosage of methyl B12 at all times.

Methyl B12 is available in several different forms, including oral preparations, intramuscular injections, intravenous preparations, sprays and sublingual preparations.

Regardless of the form of the supplement you choose to take, always follow the instructions on the manufacturer’s label carefully. As with all supplements, you should also consult your physician before you begin taking methyl B12.

No standardized dosing guidelines for methyl B12 exist. However, the Natural Medicines Database reports that the following dosages have been well tolerated during past research studies involving methyl B12.

Methyl B12 Injection:

• Vitamin B12 Deficiency – 1000 mcg of methylcobalamin injected intramuscularly once daily for up to ten days.
• Depression – 1 mg of methylcobalamin injected intramuscularly once per week for four weeks.
• Cognitive Function – 1000 mcg injected daily for five days, followed by a monthly injection of 1000 mcg for five months.
• Hereditary Sideroblastic Anemia – 100 mcg of methylcobalamin injected intramuscularly once per month for four months.

Oral Methyl B12:

• Prevention of megaloblastic anemia – Up to 10 mcg of methyl B12 daily for 16 weeks.
• General dosage – 2.4 mcg daily for individuals over age 14.

Methyl B12 Spray:

• Vitamin B12 replacement therapy – 500 mcg per week.

Sublingual Methyl B12:

• Vitamin B12 Deficiency – 500 mcg daily for up to four weeks.
• Canker Sores – Daily doses for up to six months.

Methyl B12 Side Effects

Methyl B12 may cause side effects for some people. Some of these side effects include gout, hypokalemia, nausea and dysphagia. Allergic reactions are also a possibility.

Keep in mind that methyl B12 may interact with some other supplements, including vitamin C, potassium and folic acid. It may also interact with the prescription medication chloramphenicol.

Do not take methylcobalamin or Vitamin B12 if you have been diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia, Leber’s disease, cobalt sensitivity or cobalamin sensitivity, as this supplement may aggravate your symptoms or cause significant complications.

To avoid serious adverse effects, never take more methyl B12 than you need for your intended purpose. If you experience any side effects while taking this supplement, report them to your doctor immediately.

If you think you are experiencing an allergic reaction or another serious complication because of methyl B12, seek immediate medical treatment.

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