What is SAMe: Effects, Benefits, Dosages and Side Effects

SAMe, also known as S-Adenosyl Methionine, is a natural anti-depressant supplement that is sometimes grouped in with nootropics and cognitive enhancers.

It is considered a common substrate involved in methyl group transfers and was first discovered in Italy in 1952. This supplement is made from Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) and Methionine.

Although most of the metabolic pathways and reactions involving SAMe occur throughout the body, it is primarily produced and consumed in the liver. In fact, this substance is found in almost every tissue within the body.

SAMe is actually a naturally occurring compound that is involved in a number of important processes. It plays a role in the immune system, helps to maintain cell membranes, and even produce and break down brain chemicals like Serotonin, Melatonin, and Dopamine.

It also appears to have a special connection or method of interaction with vitamin B12 and folate (vitamin B9). SAMe supplements are marketed for boosting your mood, relieving symptoms of depression and improving energy levels.

SAMe

Mood Supplement

Mood

Cognitive Health

Joint Function

How It Works:

• Enhances mood & promotes cognitive health
• Essentual for dopamine, serotonin & norepinephrine metabolism
• Promotes joint comfort & liver health

Dosage:

Between 400 - 1600 mg per day

Safety:

Rated Likely Safe

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SAMe Effects:

There are several different and interesting mechanisms of action used by SAMe. The first of these is by increasing methylation.

By donating methyl groups, this helps to stimulate DNA cell division and repair, control gene transcription, the formation of neurotransmitters and phospholipids.

In fact, it can even help to repair damage to cells, supporting their normal growth and differentiation. This also serves to support cognitive function.

It also helps to make Phosphatidylcholine, which is present in cell membranes, making them more pliant and better able to communicate with other cells.

SAMe also works by stimulating polyamine synthesis and increasing transsulfation. Polyamines catalyze the synthesis of a number of essential substances within the body.

Many of these are essential for cell growth, gene expression and even neuron regeneration. Through transsulfation, this supplement is the precursor to cysteine, glutathione, and taurine, which are important amino acids.

SAMe Benefits:

There is some evidence suggesting that this supplement may be effective at treating mild to moderate depression. Certain researchers think that it may be just as effective as many anti-depressant medications currently available, without the side effects.

Additionally, SAMe seems to start working much faster. These effects are thought to be the result of increased Serotonin and Dopamine within the brain. These two neurotransmitters are chemical pleasure messengers and are associated with positive feelings.

There are a number of clinical trials which show SAMe to be helpful in the treatment of osteoarthritis. This is particularly true of its ability to reduce pain and inflammation in the joints. Many researchers also think that this supplement promotes cartilage repair.

Several studies show that SAMe is just as effective as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s). These typically include ibuprofen and naproxin. It was shown to help lessen morning stiffness, decreasing pain, reducing swelling, improving the range of motion, and increasing walking pace. Additionally, there are thought to be less side effects.

Additional Effects

Other studies indicate that SAMe may be effective at reducing the symptoms of fibromyalgia.

This includes the pain, stiffness, fatigue, and even depressed mood which often results from this condition. It should also be noted that most of these studies used the injectable form of SAMe.

Those who have liver disease do not synthesize SAMe properly in their bodies. Preliminary research indicates that taking this supplement may help treat chronic liver disease caused by alcoholism or even certain medications. Supplementation may help to normalize levels of key liver enzymes in those with liver disease.

Evidence also suggests that SAMe may play additional roles. For example, some studies show that this supplement is capable of inhibiting the growth and development of cancer tumor cells. There is also the possibility that SAMe may be effective at helping to improve mood in Parkinson’s patients who are being treated with L-Dopa. It is thought that the L-Dopa may lower levels of SAMe.

SAMe Dosage:

While there does not seem to be a generally accepted recommended dose for SAMe, the daily range is between 400 and 1,600 mg. Of course, this will really depend upon the purpose for its use.

Those looking for help with depression can take between 800 and 1,600 mg; for osteoarthritis, take between 600 and 1,200 mg per day. For treating fibromyalgia, the suggested use is 400 mg, twice per day for six weeks.

This supplement is best taken in several daily administrations. Start with a low dose on the order of 200 mg and then only increase slowly. Not only does this help your body adjust, but it also may allow you to avoid any upset stomach issues.

SAMe Side Effects:

There are a few side effects associated with SAMe usage. These include dry mouth, nausea, gas, diarrhea, headache, anxiety, a feeling of elation, restlessness, and insomnia. Some users have also reported sweating, dizziness, and even heart palpitations.

You should not take this supplement at night. Large doses have also been known to cause mania, or abnormally elevated mood.

Pregnant and breast feeding women should not use this supplement. Use is also counterindicated in those suffering from bipolar disorder.

SAMe Review:

There is a lot of promise to SAMe supplementation, although the jury is still out as to how effective it really is. Some people suffering from depression have seen very positive results using this natural compound. However, there are many other mood enhancing nootropics that are viewed as more powerful such as Sulbutiamine, Aniracetam, Phenylethylamine, Theanine and Tyrosine.

If you do decide to use SAMe, pay attention to the potential side effects and use it according to the directions provided by the manufacturer. If you are currently using anti-depressants or have bipolar disorder, you are advised not to use SAMe without consulting with your doctor.

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